Glycosylation of Structured Protein Domains in Cell-Free Reaction Environments
Erik J. Bidstrup, Kyle Hill, Chandra K. Bandi, D. Natasha Owitipana, Alina Chisti, Rochelle Aw, Xu Yang, Parastoo Azadi, Michael C. Jewett, Lai-Xi Wang, Weston Kightlinger, Matthew P. DeLisa
Cell-Free Protein Synthesis and Microbial Process Development, National Resilience Inc., Oakland, California 94606, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 1220742, United States; Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-4712, United States; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States; Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
The production of N -linked glycoproteins in genetically tractable bacterial hosts and their cell-free extracts holds great promise for low-cost, customizable, and distributed biomanufacturing of glycoconjugate vaccines and glycoprotein therapeutics. In nearly all bacterial N -linked protein glycosylation systems described so far, a single-subunit, transmembrane oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) is employed which favors acceptor sites in flexible, solvent-exposed motifs of the glycoprotein substrate. Yet despite this preference, acceptor sites in structured domains can also be glycosylated in living bacteria, presumably by a mechanism where the site is presented to the OST in a flexible form during or after the membrane translocation step but prior to
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